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PREFACE:
Reinforced concrete structures are the most common component in structural engineering. Engineering experience and research achievements, improvements in manufacturing technology, and applications of new and efficient materials have led to a great deal of progress in reinforced concrete structures.
The performance index is increasing continuously, structural configurations are more varied, and the scope of applications is expanding greatly. Today, reinforced concrete structures are used widely not only in various civil and public buildings, single- and multi-story industrial buildings, and high-rise and large-span buildings, but also in bridges, communication installations, and hydraulic and underground engineering. Reinforced or prestressed concrete structures are also used in special structures, e.g., TV towers, electrical transmission poles, silos, chimneys, even reactor and containment vessels in nuclear power plants, and very large hydraulic forging presses.
Generally, concrete structures work at room temperature (<60 °C) and they can be designed or their safety can be checked using the current codes. [0-1] However, some structures, e.g., metallurgical and chemical plants, chimneys, nuclear reactors and their containment structures, and hydraulic forging presses, work constantly in high temperature environments (100–500 °C).
In addition, building fire accidents occasionally occur due to natural or man-made causes. These accidents cause the structure in a building bearing a high temperature attack to reach maximum temperatures of 1000 °C or higher within a short time (e.g., 1 h). When the concrete structure reaches elevated temperatures, it experiences cracking, increased deformation, and reduced strength, because of serious deterioration of material behavior and internal force redistribution of the structure.
Then the structure may fail and even collapse, and this will result in significant economic losses and loss of life. The research work related to this field is still limited in China and no corresponding design code is available for engineers.
Therefore, the development requirements of construction engineering cannot be met, and research on the behavior of concrete materials and structures at elevated temperatures has become an important and urgent task. The authors and several postgraduates have completed several research projects in this field since 1989.
These projects are financially supported by the 863 High Science and Technology Plan of the National Science Committee, National Natural Science Foundation, and Doctoral Research Foundation of the Education Ministry of China.
This book is a systematic collection and summary of the experimental and theoretical research results of these projects. The postgraduate students who took part in the projects are: Quiping Shi, Xudong Shi, Yütao Guo, and Jianping Yang (doctoral students) and Wei Li, Li Jiang, Huadong Li, Jianlin Nan, Tongguang Lü, Jieying Zhang, and Jinfeng Sun (masters students). In addition, many undergraduate students took part in the experimental work during their graduation projects.
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