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PREFACE:

The purpose of this book is to provide a straightforward introduction to the principles and methods of design for concrete structures. It is directed primarily at students and young engineers who require an understanding of the basic theory and a concise guide to design procedures. Although the  detailed design  methods are  generally  according  to  European Standards (EuroCodes), much of the theory and practice is  of a fundamental nature and should, therefore,  also be useful to  engineers in countries outside Europe. The search  for  harmonisation of Technical Standards across  the European Community (EC) has led to the development of a series of these Structural EuroCodes which are the technical documents intended for adoption throughout all the member states. The use of these common standards is  intended to  lower trade barriers and enable companies to compete on a more equitable basis throughout the  EC. EuroCode 2 (EC2) deals with the design of concrete structures, which has most recently been covered in  the UK by British Standard BS8110 which superseded British Standard CPllO in  1985. 

Limit state principles established by these British Standards are also adopted by EuroCode 2. The code drafting committee has also produced a range of supporting documents giving commentary and background explanation for some of the requirements of the code. Further supporting documentation includes, for each separate country, the National Application Document (NAD) which includes  information  specific  to  the  individual  member states.

 Additionally the British Cement Association has produced The Concise EuroCode for the Design of Concrete Buildings which contains material that has been distilled from EC2 but is presented in a way that makes it more user-friendly than  the  main EuroCode and contains only that information which is essential for the design of more everyday concrete structures. It also contains information  not included  in  EC2 such as design charts and design methods drawn from previous British Standards.

such as BS8110 and CPllO. In this text, reference is made to both EC2 and the Concise Code. The presentation of EC2 is  quite different from  that  of BS8110. However the essential feature of EC2 is  that the  principles of design embodied in the document are almost identical to the principles inherent in the use of BS8110. Hence, although there are some differences in detail, engineers who are used to designing to the existing British Standard should have no difficulty in grasping the essential features of this new code. Changes in terminology, arising partly from language differences, have resulted in  the introduction  of a few  terms  which are unfamiliar to engineers who have worked with BS8110. 

The most obvious of these is the use of actions to describe the loading on structures and the use of the terms permanent and variable actions to describe dead and imposed loads. Notwithstanding this, UK influence in  drafting the document has been very strong and terminology is  broadly the same as in  existing British Standards. Throughout this text, terminology has been kept as consistently as possible in  line with common accepted UK practice and hence, for example, loads has been used instead of actions in subsequent chapters. Other 'new' terminology will be identified at appropriate points in  the text. 

The subject matter in this book has been arranged so that chapters 1 to 5 deal mostly with theory and analysis while the  subsequent chapters cover the design and detailing of various types of member and structure. In order to include topics that are usually in an undergraduate course, there is a section on earth-retaining structures and also a final chapter on prestressed concrete. Important equations that have been derived within the text are highlighted by an asterisk adjacent to the equation number and in the Appendix a summary of key equations is given. 

Where it has been necessary to include material which is not directly provided by the EuroCodes, this has been based on currently accepted UK good practice. In preparing this book, the principal aim has been to retain the structure and features of the well established book Reinforced Concrete Design by Mosley and Bungey (Macmillan Press, 1990) which is based on British Standards and is currently in its 4th edition. By comparing both books it is possible to compare the essential differences between EuroCode 2 and existing British Standards and to contrast the different outcomes when structures are designed to either codes. It should be emphasised that Codes of Practice are always liable to be revised and readers should ensure that they are using the latest edition of any relevant standard .