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PREFACE:

Masonry structures have been constructed since the earliest days of mankind, not only for homes but also for works of beauty and grandeur. Stone was the first masonry unit and was used for primitive but breathtaking structures such as the 4000 year old Stonehenge ring on England’s Salisbury Plains.

Egyptian Pyramids located in Giza were constructed around 2500 B.C. Note limestone veneer at the top of the great pyramid, Cheops.

one was also used around 2500 B.C. to build the Egyptian pyramids in Giza. Limestone veneer which once clad the pyramids can now be seen only at the top of the great pyramid Cheops, since much of the limestone facing was later removed and reused.

one was also used around 2500 B.C. to build the Egyptian pyramids in Giza. Limestone veneer which once clad the pyramids can now be seen only at the top of the great pyramid Cheops, since much of the limestone facing was later removed and reused.

In the early 1900’s concrete block masonry units (CMU) were introduced to the construction industry. Later, between 1930 and 1940, reinforcing steel was introduced into masonry construction to provide increased resistance to lateral dynamic forces from earthquakes. Prior to the development of reinforced masonry, most masonry structures were designed to support only gravity loads, while the forces from wind and earthquakes were ignored.

Massive dead loads from the thick and heavy walls stabilized the unreinforced structures against lateral forces. The introduction of reinforced masonry allowed wall thickness to be decreased dramatically and provided a rational method to design walls to resist dynamic lateral loads from winds and earthquakes.

The basis of design for masonry structures described in this publication are the requirements found in the International Building Code, (IBC) published by the International Code Council, (ICC) and to a lesser extent, the requirements of the Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures (ACI 530-05/ASCE 5-05/TMS 402-05) and the Specification for Masonry Structures (ACI 530.1-05/ASCE 6-05/TMS 602-05). The allowable stresses for masonry and reinforcing steel, dead loads, live loads and lateral forces as prescribed by the IBC are used primarily herein, although ACI/ASCE/TMS allowable stresses equations are given as well, in Chapter 10.

Similar to past editions, numerous tables and diagrams have been provided at the end of this book to facilitate the design of masonry structures. Additional tables have been included to simplify strength design procedures and the ACI/ASCE/TMS design methods, while some of the seldom used old tables were deleted. Note, however, to avoid confusion, the table and diagram numbers were kept the same to be consistent with past editions – thus some gaps exist in the table numbering. 

Chapter 14 provides explanations for the tables and diagrams. Additionally, numerous example problems are provided throughout the book, which demonstrates these tables and diagrams. Cross references have also been included at the top of most tables and diagrams to direct the reader to appropriate examples. Included in this pub